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Interactive simulation

Ray Optics & Lens Simulator

Convex lens · concave lens · focal length · image distance

Learning outcomeTrace principal rays and predict image position, size, and orientation.
Interactive model
Image distance24.0 cm
Magnification-0.60×
ImageReal
Learning focus

Trace how focal length and object position determine image position, orientation, and magnification.

1/f = 1/dₒ + 1/dᵢ · m = −dᵢ/dₒ